Thursday, 26 March 2009

The evolution of music players.

The Phonograph
In production from 1870-1980, music industry moving much slower than it is today. Longest production line for any music player. 

The Cassette
First produced in 1963, led to advent of portable music listening.  Created underground revolution producing radical political movements. The cassette met its decline in the early 1990’s when it was surpassed by the compact disc.

The Compact Disc
Stores digital data, it has been on the market since as early as 1982. Developed by both Sony and Phillips. Sony developed vertical integration by releasing the first compact disc single by Billy Joel in timing with the release of the first CD player. CDs further developed to be capable of storing data.

Transistor Radio
First portable music player, advantage was that you could listen to music anywhere. This also gave an advantage to record labels by making it easier to market their product.

The Boom box
First produced 1970’s, tied in with the music culture of hip-hop. Boombox was part of the music revolution.

The Walkman
Portable cassette player, produced by Sony, the advantage of this product that it was easily marketable.

The Disc man
The Discman was a portable way of listening to CDs once again developed by Sony; it quickly killed the cassette and Walkman player.

MP3 Player
First model held only 10 tracks, three years later saw the launch of the Apple iPod this revolutionized the music industry. "Music was a perfect synthesists for Apple". Shaun Fanning launched Napster.

How do Rough Trade distribute their music?

Rough Trade distribute their music by selling CD's and LP's on their website, fans can also find their favorite music on itunes, certain artists and bands able their fans to download free mp3's of their websites like myspace. However disloyal fans get the majority of their music through illegal downloading sites such as lime-wire and bit-lord. This therefore effecting the sales of artists and bands as fans chose not to pay for their music.

How do Rough Trade Market their music?

Rough trade market themselves independently by offering many different types of merchandise for all their different artists and bands on their website. As well as selling CD's and LP's on the website they sell posters, DVD's, books, magazines, headphones, portable turntables, badges and clothing. By reporting on their website new releases of bands and artists singles and albums Rough Trade advertise them well as there are links to where you can buy them. Rough Trade produce links to websites to buy gig and concert tickets, they also have an audio box on their website, therefore views are able to sample the music, this therefore advertising their artists further.

How does Rough Trade produce its music?

Time and effort goes into producing CD's and LP's in Rough Trade and as the label has grown and matured so has the scale of the budget. This therefore creating a smoother surface for artists and bands to create good quality singles and albums. 

Who is signed under Rough Trade?

  • The Libertines
  • Vampire Weekend
  • Fleet Foxes
  • Bon Iver
  • Metronomy
  • Vivan girls
  • The Strokes
  • The Long BLondes
  • The Moldy Peaches

Wednesday, 25 March 2009

Rough Trade

Rough Trade formed in 1978, the label grew from the record shop that Geoff Travis owned in West London in February 1976. The shop was revolutionary, it was brimming over with wonderful things: seven-inch picture sleeves whose market was about to exponentially explode, reggae LPs, punk fanzines, badges. By 1978, it had a distribution system and was taking and selling records from bands benefiting from an emerging DIY culture. It was logical that they should start a record label. Paris Maquis a french punk band was the first Rough Trade release and was followed that year by a further eleven singles. By the end of 1979, a number of bands now commonly associated with Rough Trade had started to release records on the label, including Scritti Politti and The Raincoats. The signing of The Smiths in 1983 drew Rough Trade into new territory. A stifled independent music scene was gradually giving way to what would go on to be recognised as ‘indie’ and The Smiths, although not entirely foursquare with the genre, found themselves at the forefront of the emerging scene. The intensity with which the media embraced them, and the ensuing parallel success of their records meant that the label had to learn how to promote a band in a way it had never had to do before. The outcome was an unprecedented run of sixteen chart singles beginning with ‘This Charming Man’ in 1984 and culminating in ‘Last Night I Dreamt That Somebody Loved Me’ in 1987. All four studio albums reached the top two.

Finder Keepers notes.

Place in the industry.
  • smaller independent labels
  • everything done in their house between themselves and with friends help
  • each bring specific strength 
  • small budgets
  • able to focus and work on titles hat major labels would not consider to be cost effective by their own standards
  • no need to sell their numbers to make a profit -> do not need to justify massive marketing budgets and production costs

Marketing.
  • Can't really afford marketing budget in the conventional sense e.g merchandise 
  • more hands on approach -> word of mouth is important -> mailing lists -> message boards> gigs
  • press and radio coverage are also important, helps boost exposure for the label and our artists
  • internet great leveller

Distribution.
distributed through a company
record stores in decline -> rise in downloads and a power shift away from independent record shops and smaller chains to the likes of HMV -> selling records in these outlets becoming more difficult -> dealing directly with independent stores

Production.
  • monitored very carefully -> don't tie up too much money in manufacturing
  • produce minimal runs of CD's and records>keep costs low and so not left with abundance of stock
  • receive master from licensor ->may/may not be production ready -> cleaning up.
  • artwork predominantly from original sources or designed and put together in a house -> all sent to manufacturer 

The online age.
  • cheapest way to get their releases on people's stereo's -> but cater for a more discerning market
  • physical releases more important -> CD's and vinyl's 
  • feel there are still a thriving number of record collectors and DJ's